Gouache is a type of paint consisting of pigment suspended in water. The particles are larger, the ratio of pigment to water is much higher, and the presence of an inert white pigment such as chalk differentiates gouche from water color. This makes gouache heavier and more opaque, with greater reflective qualities.
The term “gouache” originates in the Italian “guazzo”, which means "water paint, splash", and referred to the early 16th century practice of applying oil paint over a tempera base. The term was extended to the watermedia in the 18th century in France, although the technique is considerably older. It was used as early as the 12th century in Islamic art and as early as the 14th century in Europe.
Gouache dries slightly lighter than it appears when wet, which can make it difficult to match colors over multiple painting sessions. This, combined with its quick coverage and total hiding power, mean that gouache lends itself to more immediate techniques than watercolour. "En plein air" paintings take advantage of this characteristic.
Many famous artists have painted a small number of gouaches, but it is used more for graphic works such as posters and other design work, where it is desirable for its speed and durability.
The gouaches découpées created by Matisse are a good example of the technique., notably his Blue Nudes series.
Leave a comment